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What factors can produce an artifact that appears as uniform, small spikes on an EKG tracing?

  1. Improper grounding and crossed lead wires

  2. Electrical interference and loose electrodes

  3. High voltage power lines nearby

  4. Excessive patient movement during the test

The correct answer is: Electrical interference and loose electrodes

The presence of uniform, small spikes on an EKG tracing is indicative of electrical interference. This phenomenon often occurs when there is a disruption in the electrical signal being recorded, frequently caused by loose electrodes or other electrical interferences in the environment. Loose electrodes can result in poor contact between the skin and the electrode, amplifying noise and creating an artifact that appears as consistent spikes on the EKG. In this context, it is essential to ensure that electrodes are securely attached to minimize the potential for these artifacts. Furthermore, environmental electrical interference—such as that from electronic devices—can also contribute to this type of reading, reinforcing the importance of proper procedure during EKG administration to mitigate these impacts.